atomic valence
4.This paper constructs potential energy of action each other between the alkali metal atomic kernel and the valence electron, Aad using perturbation theory, derives the expression of energy level for the alkali metal atom fine structure, It also prestents a new approach about derives equation of energy level for the univalent atom orion fine structure.
5.The atomic and electronic structures, valence state, bonding and composition at interface and defects in materials can be characterized by phase contrast imaging/Z-contrast imaging in combination with electron energy loss spectroscopy at sub-Angstrom spatial resolution and sub-eV energy resolution, using FEG TEM/STEM equipped with monochromator, spherical aberration corrector and filter with high energy resolution.
6.A functional-link net(FLN) was employed to correlate a set of atomic structural descriptors, such as electric charges ( Z), ionic radii ( r), electron numbers in the valence layer (f, d, s) , principal quantum numbers in the outer-shell ( n ) , electronegativity (xp ) , and the factor of adaptive valence orbit number(w) of the metal ions with known stable constants (logK) of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acia complexes of 60 metal ions.
