ball spline
2.We have investigated and proposed a novel stroke and shape representation model, Disk and Ball B-Spline (DBBS).
4.The optimization selection and comparison have been conducted on the ratios of major structural dimensions of ball cage patterned constant speed universal joint namely the ratio between central circle diameter of steel ball and ball diameter, the ratio between outer diameter of universal joint and diameter of graduation circle of inner sleeve spline and the ratio between eccentricity of ball cage patterned constant speed universal joint and central circle radius of ball.

