be directly proportional to
3.When maxi-mun propellant efficiency is obtained, the escaping propellant flow rate through the extraction system is independent of the input propellant flow rate, but directly proportional to the effective transmissivity of extraction system to neutral atoms and the envelope area to volume ratio of the primary electron region. Consequently, an equiform formula of maximum propellant efficiency is obtained, which can be used to predict the maximum propellant efficiency for changed flow rate and geometry.

