1.Between the bronchialcartilage at the right and the bronchial lumen filled with mucus at the left is a submucosa widened by smooth muscle hypertrophy, edema, and inflammation (mainly eosinophils).
2.Twenty-six children with benign esophageal stricture were reported. There were 16 children (61. 5%) with gastric type epithelium. 2 (7.7%) with ectopic bronchialcartilage, 3 (11. 5%) with muscular hypertrophy, 4 (15.4%) with Ailison- Johnston stricture, and 1( 3. 9 % ) with Schatzki stricture.
3.The pulmonary hamartoma is seen microscopically to be composed mostly of benign cartilage on the right that is jumbled with a fibrovascular stroma and scattered bronchial glands on the left.
