1.a port in northeastern England on the River Tyne; a center for coal exports (givingrisetothe expression "carry coals to Newcastle" meaning to do something unnecessary).
2.Theoptimal temporal frequency givingrisetothe maximum second harmonic showeda shift from lower temporal frequencies(≤3.91 Hz) to 7.81 Hz at spatial frequenciesbelow 0.23 cpd.
3.coelenterates typically having alternation of generations; hydroid phase is usually colonial givingrisetothe medusoid phase by budding: hydras and jellyfishes.
