derived limit
1.A calculation formula with a clear and definite physical meaning is derived for the limit value of the axial compressive ratio of SRC column, the result out of which is in agreement with the limit value of the axial compressive ratio of reinforced concrete column precscribed by "code for design of concrete structures".
2.Along the vertical axis of the crystal,the change of size and density of Ir particlesin the boule of crystals has been derived and the limit size l_(lim)(V) of an Ir particle forrepulsing it at a definite growth rate has been found. The optimum growth rate of GGGand doped GGG without Ir inclusion is found by extrapolating l_(lim)(V).
6.Curves of distribution of the internal densities and Pressures are given in figuresl to 3. According to the calculated dimensionless values of moment of inertia C/MR~2, the range of the dynamic flattenings is derived, for Venus it is (1.68~1.83)×10~(-5), and for Mercury it is (5~6)×10~(-4)(upper limit).
9.In this paper the Emden equation is derived systematically and thoroughly according to the ideal model of the white dwarf star and the equilibrium condition of the white dwarf star. Then, by applying the solution of the Emden equation, the upper-limit of the equilibrium mass of the white dwarf star is calculated. That is the Chandrasekhar mass Mc=1. 4M_⊙, where M_⊙ denotes the mass of the sun, Mc is known as the Chandrasekhar limit.
10.Alternating-direction Implicit Finite-Difference Time-Domain (ADI-FDTD) method was proposed in order to eliminate the limit of CFL condition in conventional FDTD method. Numerical formulation of the ADI-FDTD method for three dimensional waves is presented. Then the numerical stability of the formulation is also derived.

