forward gain
2.This low noise amplifier provides a forward gain of 26.3 dB with a noise figure of only 1.9 dB while drawing about 5.8 mA current from 2.5 V supply voltage. The stack-style structure,which reuses the bias current,guarantees low power dissipation(about 14.5 mW) and high reverse isolation of about-40 dB.This LNA achieves IIP3 of-15 dBm and 1-dB compression of-25 dBm.
7.With a intermediate power density, the efficiency of energy conversion to forward stimulated Raman scattering approached 38%. The backward Stokes stimulated emission was observed, and the backward wave intensity was about 80% of the forward scattering intensity. The gain of the forward scattering wave was measured and was about 2.5 × 10-3cm/ MW, the spatial distribution and the beam divergence of the forward and backward waves were measured.
10.A model, based on model reference adaptive system (MRAS),of adaptive optimization adjusting PID coefficients is put forward. The computer simulation test shows that the method is practicable and gain good results. To adopt the method can solve such problem that the coefficients of PID are too difficult to determine .

