grain to grain boundary
4.A simplified theoretical model is used to analyze the eflect of the grain boundary phases with bw oxygen ion conductivity on the EMF output of the ZrO2 oxygen sensor, the analysises show mat the grain boundary phases cause the EMF drill in orygen sensors. Finally, the methods to overcome the disadvantage of the grain boundary phases are put forward.
5.Main deforming mechanism for magnesium superplasticity was still grain boundary sliding(GBS),which ought to be accommo dated by additional deforming mechanism when stress concentration occurred at triangular grain bound aries junction,or at the interface between the strengthening phase and the matri x in magnesium-based composites.
6.On the basis of emphatic analysis of the effect on the changes of system energy by the anisotropy of grain boundary energies and mobilities,this paper presents the basic methods for simulating abnormal growth. It provides an important idea to solve the problem of how to introduce the complexity of growth environment to the growth model and simulate grain growth further.

