preceding month
4.Results The prevalence rates of toco with hand,stave or stick,standing or kneeling as a punishment,not letting children eat,not letting children go home at least one time during the one month preceding the survey,and toco 3 times or over during the one month prior to taking the survey were 39.3%,3.5%,3.1%,2.2%,and 17.3% respectively.

