scanning element
2.Methods: Combining spiral CT scanning technology with three dimensional finite element method, together with Auto CAD software, three dimensional nonlinear finite element models were developed, from in vivo, for comparison with the changes of the stress within the TMJ in the conditions of various material mechanical constants of the mandible, articular fossa and disc.
3.The second layer was characterized by coarse grained acicular crystal, which thickness was about 50μm for three mold temperatures. The third layer was Ti Zr alloy. The element line scanning showed non structure layer with higher level of element of O, Al, Si and Zr, The higher the mold temperature during casting, the deeper the Si permeating and in the second layer the element Si could also be found.
9.Their structure and element concentration were analyzed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Energy Dispersion Spectrometer (EDS) respectively. The wear loss had been determined by means of laser confocal scanning microscopy (LCSM), and the wear scar were observed by optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).

