separate head
2.To expose the posterior third of the medial meniscus and the posteromedial corner of the knee, retract the three components of the pes anserinus posteriorly (Fig. 1-47, F) and separate the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle from the posterior capsule of the knee almost to the midline by blunt dissection (Fig. 1-47, G).
4.It was recognized that phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate was hydrolyzed by a phospholipase C (PLC) to liberate the hydrophilic head group inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) from the lipid backbone. IP3 interacts with an intracellular membrane receptor and leads to a mobilization of Ca2+, whereas DAG directly binds to and activates protein kinase C (PKC) and thus initiates a separate signal transduction cascade.
