skeleton pattern
3.CORBA Component Model specification defines components with IDL3 and defines server-side pattern of creating component skeleton code, it also provides CIF(Component Implementation Framework) which define flexible implementation of component, GIF undergoes a lot of tedious and fallible work to simplify server-side distributed application programming.
4.Issue of automatic channel routing in transport network under multi-vendor environment was analyzed for introduction of concise and effective design of adapter based on application framework pattern. The framework provides skeleton of the routing algorithm, whereas individual adapters focus on implementing key operations that are specific to different equipment types and associated management interfaces.

