surface collapse
2.Based on the abundant field data and the comprehensive analysis,the authors discusses the distribution, present status and hazard of surface collapse in Pingdingshan mining area, defines the suitable rock movement parameters through lots of rock movement observation data, forecast the surface collapse, that caused by exploiting coal, by adopting probability integral method.
8.Methods Sixty patients with traumatic fracture underwent axial CT scanning and 3D reconstruction. The original data were postprocessed by surface shaded display(SSD),volume rendering(VR),multiplanar reconstruction(MPR),and maximum intensity projection(MIP)for revealing the fracture-line,bone chip displacement,collapse degree and their spatial relationship.
10.5. On the basis of the all-purpose FAC series establised in this paper, new U factor for engineering assessment method, which can be used in both the fracture assessment and plastic collapse assessment for piping containing circumferential lack of penetration, was developed. The reliability of the method was verified by the experiment data reported in famous short circumferential surface-crack pipe research project in USA.
