under dispute
2.This paper holds that "joint development" should be defined in the narrower sense of the term, on both legal and functional dimensions, thus: Joint development is an activity of prospecting, development or exploitation of deposits, conducted by the sovereign states according to agreements in a certain mode of cooperation over an area straddling across the boundaries of adjacent countries or an area under dispute.
8.The arbitration under WTO, specifically the arbitration provided in the DSU is the integral part of WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism. However, the study on the arbitration under WTO at home and abroad is most prone to sole explanation to the relevant DSU articles, and the systematic study on it is still absent, specifically the systematic analyses on practice of arbitration since the establishment of WTO.

